Mobile Internet
Mobile Internet
Mobile Internet refers to the possibility that all or parts of the internet, particularly the World Wide Web to be accessible on a mobile device. The mobile Internet is closely linked with progress in the development of mobile communications technology. Since the 1990s, it is possible for consumers to access the phone via the GSM network to the Internet, even if only as a CSD data connection at low speed. The introduction of GSM enhancements HSCSD, GPRS and EDGE brought a significant speed increase.
Another important development steps were the introduction of UMTS in 2002 and, based on HSDPA and HSUPA in 2006. Due to the expansion with HSDPA, the end user with a maximum of 7.2 Mbit / s download and surfing up 1.45 Mbit / s upload on the Internet, thus opened up a new group of customers. Photographers, journalists, households having outside broadband Internet access could thus surf the Internet with a comparable speed.
Although the major mobile providers consistently in recent years, their mobile network using UMTS, or building on surrounded on HSDPA, the mobile Internet in Germany have not nearly as large numbers of users as the Internet. In Austria and other countries, however, the growth in broadband access now comes from mobile access (mobile broadband), while stagnating access via cable television or telephone – 2007, nearly a quarter of all households with Internet access (almost exclusively) mobile broadband. Gartner Inc. predicted in a research study in 2009 that in 2013 more people will use mobile devices on the Internet, as on home PCs.
Situation in the EU
The EU Commissioner Viviane Reding considers the cost of mobile internet abroad to be too high, and, in July 2008, a price of 1.18 € per MB in the context of roaming in the EU as a guide for mobile service providers.
Development and situation in Austria
In Austria, the HSDPA mobile Internet access via sales hit about 28 percent of all broadband connections are mobile. The coverage of UMTS was in the summer of 2008 in Austria at a maximum of 94% of the population.
Development and situation in Germany
The reasons for the low acceptance in Germany are many. The main problem of the lack of market penetration in Germany is perceived as too high price for data services. Other causes for the problem of acceptance on the one hand result from the characteristics of mobile devices. The small screen of a mobile phone and the keypad deter many consumers. Conventional, not on small displays optimized websites are there hardly navigable.
It must also be made depending on the manufacturer often different complex settings to the phone and the notebook PC for e-mail and configure the World Wide Web. Many devices is not readily understandable how many megabytes are used for loading a specific website, which leads to a loss in volume-control cost rates. After several unsuccessful attempts (UMTS auction), the mobile Internet appears since 2007 to establish in Germany.
Also lead to increased mobility of society and the course of using the Internet to a higher steady demand of the Internet in a variety of everyday situations. The mobile Internet enables the query of any information in different usage situations where currently the content and especially its representation are seldom adapted to use with mobile devices.
This is in addition to development of arguably the greatest rates of success for the future development of the mobile Internet. Currently, based on the content of particular local information such as hotel information, train, city information, weather forecasts, etc. but also demand news.
Many German mobile provider – such as T-Mobile, Vodafone, E-Plus, O2, Simyo, blau.de – have their prices for mobile data services for the year 2007/2008 be reduced dramatically and offer a free, automatic configuration of the mobile phone to access to the mobile Internet, MMS and e-mail via SMS.
A substitution of the cable-based Internet in Germany is not expected in the long term. The mobile Internet is rather a supplement that can cover mainly existing gaps in the supply of Internet on the move.
According to Heise-Verlag in early 2008 took advantage of iPhone owners in Germany, the mobile Internet 30 times more likely than other mobile phone owners. The mobile Internet has reached the consumer. Furthermore, on 2 February 2009, the new Google Phone G1 (HTC G1) introduced in Germany. Thus even with an increase for the use of the mobile Internet to be expected. The existing tariffs are designed almost exclusively to the mobile Internet.
Access technologies — General packet radio service (GPRS)
A packet-oriented transmission service that is used in mobile communications. The GPRS technology allows in practice, a data transfer rate of up to 55.6 kbit / second.
Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE)
A technique for increasing the data rate. With EDGE, GPRS will be extended to E-GPRS (Enhanced GPRS). In practice, this means an increase in data rate up to 236.8 kbit / s.
UMTS and HSDPA and HSUPA extensions
Another way to realize the mobile Internet, UMTS provides dar. By expanding HSDPA download speeds of 7.2 Mbit / s are possible. HSUPA also increases the upload rate up to 1.45 Mbit / s.
Long Term Evolution (LTE)
Compared to the alternative technology to WiMAX LTE allow mobile operators a cost-evolutionary migration path from UMTS with HSDPA and HSUPA to LTE. LTE supports UMTS as opposed to different bandwidths and can be used as flexible future in different spectra. At Mobile World Congress in Barcelona in 2008 Ericsson was the first time an end-to-end connection with the LTE and on compact mobile devices. There were data rates of 25 Mbps in the uplink and downlink demonstrated. The Global mobile Suppliers Association assumes that the end of 2010 the world will be up to 19 converted to LTE mobile networks in operation.
WLAN
One way to realize the mobile Internet, the wireless network. About so-called hotspots you can connect with his laptop or cell phone on the move in the Internet. A Wi-Fi community, for example, with 300,000 FON hotspots worldwide and 30,000 of them in Germany. In most hotels, train stations, airports, etc. are now paid or free hotspots available.
WiMAX
WiMAX is discussed as a mobile alternative to DSL lines and UMTS connections. The supply radius of a base station in urban area is typically 2-3 kilometers. As with the UMTS all participating users share the available bandwidth.
Femtocell
A femtocell (English femtocell) is a private UMTS radio cell. It is a small transmitting and receiving station for UMTS, which extends in a relatively small, private sectors, such as in their own homes, the network of the wireless provider. The femtocell is additionally involved in public mobile networks, so that a seamless handoff of connections between this and the UMTS network is private. The use is possible with any 3G or UMTS-enabled mobile device.
Satellite access
Internet access via satellite is regarded as another way to realize the mobile Internet. This possibility is, for example, by journalists, academics, aid agencies, etc. in remote areas. The cost is high and the speed is relatively low.
Access devices
Many newer phones (August 2009), the mobile Internet standard, a Web browser is installed at the factory. As a rule, dominate the device at least GPRS, UMTS Smart phones generally, but at least EDGE. Increasingly, wireless is also available.
Several notebook PCs and so-called netbooks already have a built-in GPRS / UMTS module, or they can be equipped with external radio modems (UMTS data card, UMTS-Sticks) Mobile Internet via UMTS and HSDPA. Also, it is possible to connect a phone to the PC in order to use this for mobile data (tethering). Almost all modern portable PCs have an integrated wireless module, is that Internet access in the field of wireless hotspots without additional equipment possible. Access via a UMTS Router enables the distribution only of an existing UMTS connection to multiple desktop and notebook PCs.
Study: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons.
